Judgment SU 545 of 2023, notified on 9 April 2024, protected the fundamental rights of peasant communities linked to the PNIS in the municipalities of Tibú and Sardinata, in the department of Norte de Santander, a population that has suffered socio-economic and humanitarian consequences as a result of delays and non-compliance with the programme's components. The Caño Indio nucleus in Tibú, made up of four villages, is the first pilot substitution plan in the department, with 347 beneficiary families who have been waiting for seven years for the implementation of the productive project and the formalisation of the land, fundamental components to guarantee the transition to legal crops.